Landscaping Tips to Reduce Mosquitoes in North Port

Landscaping Tips to Reduce Mosquitoes in North Port

Pest Inspection

Eliminate Standing Water and Improve Yard Drainage


Oh, if you live in North Port, getting rid of standing water and improving yard drainage is one of the best things you can do to fight mosquitoes. There plenty of low spots and old containers where water sits - dont let them hang around (check gutters, birdbaths, plant saucers). Your yard need a gentle slope away from the house, and simple things like filling small depressions or adding a French drain in a trouble spot really helps.


You dont have to spend a fortune; simple grading, mulching with proper materials, and keeping gutters clean keeps water moving instead of pooling. Even tires, kids toys, and clogged pots will be mosquito nurseries if left unattended. Its surprising how fast mosquitoes multiply in tiny puddles, so regular walk-throughs after rain are smart.


So take a walk, find the puddles, and fix the spots where water stays - youll notice fewer bites and a nicer yard, honest!

Plant Native, Mosquito‑Repellent Species and Strategic Vegetation


Oh! Pantry Pest Removal If you live in North Port, a few yard tweaks can make a real difference. Plant Native is the first approach - choose species adapted to local heat and humidity (and salt air if youre near the coast). These native shrubs and flowers helps attract birds and dragonflies that eat mosquito larvae, plus they usually need less water and fertilizer so the yard stays healthier.


Look for Mosquito‑Repellent Species like lemon-scented eucalyptus, basil, marigolds and lavender; they wont stop every bite but their oils can confuse the bugs. Dont rely solely on chemical sprays - mix these plants around seating areas and entryways so youre less likely to be the target. Strategic Vegetation means thinking about placement: tall hedges can block breezes so put them away from patios, while low, airy plants keep airflow near doors and windows.


Also, reduce standing water and keep gutters clear, because you cant fight a breeding pond in your own backyard if water is left to sit.

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Group plants to avoid overwatering, check saucers and pots, and well all enjoy more evening time outside. Its simple stuff, not fancy, but it works when you stick with it.

Design Mosquito‑Safe Water Features, Hardscapes, and Irrigation


Well, if you live in North Port and want to shrink the number of biting insects around your yard, thinking about Design Mosquito‑Safe Water Features, Hardscapes, and Irrigation is a smart place to start. There is many small things you can do that add up, and they dont have to be expensive or ugly. (small changes often make the biggest difference)


Start with water - the big attractor. Water feature create habitat, so choose moving water like bubblers or trickling streams instead of still ponds; even a little flow will keep eggs from hatching. Make basins shallow, and install overflow drains so puddles dont linger, and dont forget to clean decorative urns and birdbaths once a week. Hardscapes should be sloped away from plant beds so irrigation runoff doesnt sit, and using permeable pavers helps water soak in where it belongs.


Irrigation timing matters: water early morning so surfaces dry by evening, and consider drip lines rather than spray to cut surface moisture. Long-Term Termite Protection Tips for North Port . Plant selection helps too - pick varieties that needs less frequent watering and trim dense shrubs that hold humidity (that dark, damp shade is what they like). You might not get rid of every pest, but these steps will reduce breeding spots and make your yard more pleasant.


Oh, its simple to start - tweak sprinkler times, add a fountain, change a slope - and youll notice fewer bites and more evenings outside. Try them, youll sleep better!

Regular Maintenance and Encourage Natural Predators


Oh, keeping a yard tidy aint just about looks - its about stopping those biting pests before they breed. Manasota, Florida Regular maintenance is key: mow and trim so tall grass doesnt become a hideout, clean birdbaths and fountains often, and dont let gutters or plant saucers hold water (check low spots after rain). Your yard need frequent attention; leaves and clogged drains gives bugs places to lay eggs, and a little effort now saves hours later.


Also, encourage natural predators to keep the population down.

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Plant native flowers and shrubs to attract dragonflies, birds and frogs - they loves hunting around ponds and wet areas. Bat houses and logs give shelter for hunters that eat mosquitoes nightly. You wont eliminate every pest, but boosting these allies reduces numbers without harsh chemicals. Its simple, kind of fun, and works with the local ecosystem. Act now!

 

An agricultural aircraft applies low-insecticide bait against western corn rootworm.

Pest control is the regulation or management of a species defined as a pest; such as any animal, plant or fungus that impacts adversely on human activities or environment.[1] The human response depends on the importance of the damage done and will range from tolerance, through deterrence and management, to attempts to completely eradicate the pest. Pest control measures may be performed as part of an integrated pest management strategy.

In agriculture, pests are kept at bay by mechanical, cultural, chemical and biological means.[2] Ploughing and cultivation of the soil before sowing mitigate the pest burden, and crop rotation helps to reduce the build-up of a certain pest species. Concern about environment means limiting the use of pesticides in favour of other methods. This can be achieved by monitoring the crop, only applying pesticides when necessary, and by growing varieties and crops which are resistant to pests. Where possible, biological means are used, encouraging the natural enemies of the pests and introducing suitable predators or parasites.[3]

In homes and urban environments, the pests are the rodents, birds, insects and other organisms that share the habitat with humans, and that feed on or spoil possessions. Control of these pests is attempted through exclusion or quarantine, repulsion, physical removal or chemical means.[4] Alternatively, various methods of biological control can be used including sterilisation programmes.

History

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Bronze cat, Ancient Egypt. (664–525 BC)

Pest control is at least as old as agriculture, as there has always been a need to keep crops free from pests. As long ago as 3000 BC in Egypt, cats were used to control pests of grain stores such as rodents.[5][6] Ferrets were domesticated by 1500 BC in Europe for use as mousers. Mongooses were introduced into homes to control rodents and snakes, probably by the ancient Egyptians.[7]

The conventional approach was probably the first to be employed, since it is comparatively easy to destroy weeds by burning them or ploughing them under, and to kill larger competing herbivores. Techniques such as crop rotation, companion planting (also known as intercropping or mixed cropping), and the selective breeding of pest-resistant cultivars have a long history.[8]

Red weaver ants, here feeding on a snail, have been used to control pests in China, Southeast Asia, and Africa for many centuries.

Chemical pesticides were first used around 2500 BC, when the Sumerians used sulphur compounds as insecticides.[9] Modern pest control was stimulated by the spread across the United States of the Colorado potato beetle. After much discussion, arsenical compounds were used to control the beetle and the predicted poisoning of the human population did not occur. This led the way to a widespread acceptance of insecticides across the continent.[10] With the industrialisation and mechanization of agriculture in the 18th and 19th centuries, and the introduction of the insecticides pyrethrum and derris, chemical pest control became widespread. In the 20th century, the discovery of several synthetic insecticides, such as DDT, and herbicides boosted this development.[10]

The harmful side effect of pesticides on humans has now resulted in the development of newer approaches, such as the use of biological control to eliminate the ability of pests to reproduce or to modify their behavior to make them less troublesome.[citation needed] Biological control is first recorded around 300 AD in China, when colonies of weaver ants, Oecophylla smaragdina, were intentionally placed in citrus plantations to control beetles and caterpillars.[9] Also around 4000 BC in China, ducks were used in paddy fields to consume pests, as illustrated in ancient cave art. In 1762, an Indian mynah was brought to Mauritius to control locusts, and about the same time, citrus trees in Burma were connected by bamboos to allow ants to pass between them and help control caterpillars. In the 1880s, ladybirds were used in citrus plantations in California to control scale insects, and other biological control experiments followed. The introduction of DDT, a cheap and effective compound, put an effective stop to biological control experiments. By the 1960s, problems of resistance to chemicals and damage to the environment began to emerge, and biological control had a renaissance. Chemical pest control is still the predominant type of pest control today, although a renewed interest in traditional and biological pest control developed towards the end of the 20th century and continues to this day.[11]

In agriculture

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Control methods

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Biological pest control

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Biological pest control: parasitoid wasp (Cotesia congregata) adult with pupal cocoons on its host, a tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta (green background)

Biological pest control is a method of controlling pests such as insects and mites by using other organisms.[12] It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, parasitody or other natural mechanisms, but typically also involves an active human management role. Classical biological control involves the introduction of natural enemies of the pest that are bred in the laboratory and released into the environment. An alternative approach is to augment the natural enemies that occur in a particular area by releasing more, either in small, repeated batches, or in a single large-scale release. Ideally, the released organism will breed and survive, and provide long-term control.[13] Biological control can be an important component of an integrated pest management programme.

For example: mosquitoes are often controlled by putting Bt Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. israelensis, a bacterium that infects and kills mosquito larvae, in local water sources.[14]

Cultural control

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Cultivation by ploughing exposes insect pests to predators such as black-headed gulls.
Spruce budworm (adult and pupa shown), a serious pest of forests, can be monitored using pheromone traps.

Mechanical pest control is the use of hands-on techniques as well as simple equipment and devices, that provides a protective barrier between plants and insects. This is referred to as tillage and is one of the oldest methods of weed control as well as being useful for pest control; wireworms, the larvae of the common click beetle, are very destructive pests of newly ploughed grassland, and repeated cultivation exposes them to the birds and other predators that feed on them.[15]

Crop rotation can help to control pests by depriving them of their host plants. It is a major tactic in the control of corn rootworm, and has reduced early season incidence of Colorado potato beetle by as much as 95%.[16]

Trap cropping

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A trap crop is a crop of a plant that attracts pests, diverting them from nearby crops.[17] Pests aggregated on the trap crop can be more easily controlled using pesticides or other methods.[18] However, trap-cropping, on its own, has often failed to cost effectively reduce pest densities on large commercial scales, without the use of pesticides, possibly due to the pests' ability to disperse back into the main field.[18]

Pesticides

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Spraying pine logs with insecticide against Ips sexdentatus, a pine engraver beetle

Pesticides are substances applied to crops to control pests, they include herbicides to kill weeds, fungicides to kill fungi and insecticides to kill insects. Application methods include sprays by hand, tractors, or aircraft or as seed dressings. To be effective, the correct substance must be applied at the correct time and the method of application is important to ensure adequate coverage and retention on the crop. The killing of natural enemies of the target pest should be minimized. This is particularly important in countries where there are natural reservoirs of pests and their enemies in the countryside surrounding plantation crops, and these co-exist in a delicate balance. Often in less-developed countries, the crops are well adapted to the local situation and no pesticides are needed. Where progressive farmers are using fertilizers to grow improved crop varieties, these are often more susceptible to pest damage, but the indiscriminate application of pesticides may be detrimental in the longer term.[19][unreliable source?][failed verification] The efficacy of chemical pesticides tends to diminish over time. This is because any organism that manages to survive the initial application will pass on its genes to its offspring and a resistant strain will be developed. In this way, some of the most serious pests have developed resistance and are no longer killed by pesticides that used to kill their ancestors. This necessitates higher concentrations of chemical, more frequent applications and a movement to more expensive formulations.[20]

Pesticides are intended to kill pests, but many have detrimental effects on non-target species; of particular concern is the damage done to honey-bees, solitary bees and other pollinating insects and in this regard, the time of day when the spray is applied can be important.[21] The widely used neonicotinoids have been banned on flowering crops in some countries because of their effects on bees.[21] Some pesticides may cause cancer and other health problems in humans, as well as being harmful to wildlife.[22] There can be acute effects immediately after exposure or chronic effects after continuous low-level, or occasional exposure.[23] Maximum residue limits for pesticides in foodstuffs and animal feed are set by many nations.[24]

Genetics

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Using crops with inheritable resistance to pests is referred to as host-plant resistance and reduces the need for pesticide use. These crops can harm or even kill pests, repel feeding, prevent colonization, or tolerate the presence of a pest without significantly impacting yield.[25][26][27] Resistance can also occur through genetic engineering to have traits with resistance to insects, such as with Bt corn, or papaya resistance to ringspot virus.[28] When farmers are purchasing seed, variety information often includes resistance to selected pests in addition to other traits.[29]

Hunting

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A contemporary wood engraving of varmint hunters shooting passenger pigeons, a varmint species that was known to damage crops. Overhunting resulted in complete extinction of the species.

Pest control can also be achieved via culling the pest animals — generally small- to medium-sized wild or feral mammals or birds that inhabit the ecological niches near farms, pastures or other human settlements — by employing human hunters or trappers to physically track down, kill and remove them from the area. The culled animals, known as vermin, may be targeted because they are deemed harmful to agricultural crops, livestock or facilities; serve as hosts or vectors that transmit pathogens across species or to humans; or for population control as a mean of protecting other vulnerable species and ecosystems.[30]

Pest control via hunting, like all forms of harvest, has imposed an artificial selective pressure on the organisms being targeted. While varmint hunting is potentially selecting for desired behavioural and demographic changes (e.g. animals avoiding human populated areas, crops and livestock), it can also result in unpredicted outcomes such as the targeted animal adapting for faster reproductive cycles.[31]

Forestry

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Forest pests present a significant problem because it is not easy to access the canopy and monitor pest populations. In addition, forestry pests such as bark beetles, kept under control by natural enemies in their native range, may be transported large distances in cut timber to places where they have no natural predators, enabling them to cause extensive economic damage.[32] Pheromone traps have been used to monitor pest populations in the canopy. These release volatile chemicals that attract males. Pheromone traps can detect the arrival of pests or alert foresters to outbreaks. For example, the spruce budworm, a destructive pest of spruce and balsam fir, has been monitored using pheromone traps in Canadian forests for several decades.[33] In some regions, such as New Brunswick, areas of forest are sprayed with pesticide to control the budworm population and prevent the damage caused during outbreaks.[34]

In homes and cities

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Many unwelcome animals visit or make their home in residential buildings, industrial sites and urban areas. Some contaminate foodstuffs, damage structural timbers, chew through fabrics or infest stored dry goods. Some inflict great economic loss, others carry diseases or cause fire hazards, and some are just a nuisance. Control of these pests has been attempted by improving sanitation and garbage control, modifying the habitat, and using repellents, growth regulators, traps, baits and pesticides.[35]

General methods

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Physical pest control

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Dog control van, Rekong Peo, Himachal Pradesh, India

Physical pest control involves trapping or killing pests such as insects and rodents. Historically, local people or paid rat-catchers caught and killed rodents using dogs and traps.[36] On a domestic scale, sticky flypapers are used to trap flies. In larger buildings, insects may be trapped using such means as pheromones, synthetic volatile chemicals or ultraviolet light to attract the insects; some have a sticky base or an electrically charged grid to kill them. Glueboards are sometimes used for monitoring cockroaches and to catch rodents. Rodents can be killed by suitably baited spring traps and can be caught in cage traps for relocation. Talcum powder or "tracking powder" can be used to establish routes used by rodents inside buildings and acoustic devices can be used for detecting beetles in structural timbers.[35]

Historically, firearms have been one of the primary methods used for pest control. "Garden Guns" are smooth bore shotguns specifically made to fire .22 caliber snake shot or 9mm Flobert, and are commonly used by gardeners and farmers for snakes, rodents, birds, and other pest. Garden Guns are short-range weapons that can do little harm past 15 to 20 yards, and they're relatively quiet when fired with snake shot, compared to standard ammunition. These guns are especially effective inside of barns and sheds, as the snake shot will not shoot holes in the roof or walls, or more importantly, injure livestock with a ricochet. They are also used for pest control at airports, warehouses, stockyards, etc.[37]

The most common shot cartridge is .22 Long Rifle loaded with #12 shot. At a distance of about 10 ft (3.0 m), which is about the maximum effective range, the pattern is about 8 in (20 cm) in diameter from a standard rifle. Special smoothbore shotguns, such as the Marlin Model 25MG can produce effective patterns out to 15 or 20 yards using .22 WMR shotshells, which hold 1/8 oz. of #12 shot contained in a plastic capsule.

Poisoned bait

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Rodent bait station, Chennai, India

Poisoned bait is a common method for controlling rats, mice, birds, slugs, snails, ants, cockroaches, and other pests. The basic granules, or other formulation, contains a food attractant for the target species and a suitable poison. For ants, a slow-acting toxin is needed so that the workers have time to carry the substance back to the colony, and for flies, a quick-acting substance to prevent further egg-laying and nuisance.[38] Baits for slugs and snails often contain the molluscide metaldehyde, dangerous to children and household pets.[39]

An article in Scientific American in 1885 described effective elimination of a cockroach infestation using fresh cucumber peels.[40]

Bait being placed in a rodent bait box.

Warfarin has traditionally been used to kill rodents, but many populations have developed resistance to this anticoagulant, and difenacoum may be substituted. These are cumulative poisons, requiring bait stations to be topped up regularly.[38] Poisoned meat has been used for centuries to kill animals such as wolves[41] and birds of prey.[42] Poisoned carcasses however kill a wide range of carrion feeders, not only the targeted species.[41] Raptors in Israel were nearly wiped out following a period of intense poisoning of rats and other crop pests.[43]

Fumigation

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Tent fumigation of a house in the United States

Fumigation is the treatment of a structure to kill pests such as wood-boring beetles by sealing it or surrounding it with an airtight cover such as a tent, and fogging with liquid insecticide for an extended period, typically of 24–72 hours. This is costly and inconvenient as the structure cannot be used during the treatment, but it targets all life stages of pests.[44]

An alternative, space treatment, is fogging or misting to disperse a liquid insecticide in the atmosphere within a building without evacuation or airtight sealing, allowing most work within the building to continue, at the cost of reduced penetration. Contact insecticides are generally used to minimize long-lasting residual effects.[44]

Sterilization

[edit]

Populations of pest insects can sometimes be dramatically reduced by the release of sterile individuals. This involves the mass rearing of a pest, sterilising it by means of X-rays or some other means, and releasing it into a wild population. It is particularly useful where a female only mates once and where the insect does not disperse widely.[45] This technique has been successfully used against the New World screw-worm fly, some species of tsetse fly, tropical fruit flies, the pink bollworm and the codling moth, among others.[46]

To chemically sterilize pests using chemosterilants, laboratory studies conducted using U-5897 (3-chloro-1,2-propanediol) attempted in the early 1970s for rat control, although these proved unsuccessful.[47] In 2013, New York City tested sterilization traps,[48] demonstrating a 43% reduction in rat populations.[48] The product ContraPest was approved for the sterilization of rodents by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in August 2016 as a chemosterilant.[49]

Insulation

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Boron, a known pesticide can be impregnated into the paper fibers of cellulose insulation at certain levels to achieve a mechanical kill factor for self-grooming insects such as ants, cockroaches, termites, and more. The addition of insulation into the attic and walls of a structure can provide control of common pests in addition to known insulation benefits such a robust thermal envelope and acoustic noise-canceling properties. The EPA regulates this type of general-use pesticide within the United States allowing it to only be sold and installed by licensed pest management professionals as part of an integrated pest management program.[50] Simply adding Boron or an EPA-registered pesticide to an insulation does not qualify it as a pesticide. The dosage and method must be carefully controlled and monitored.

On airfields

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Jet engine fan blades damaged by bird strike

Birds are a significant hazard to aircraft, but it is difficult to keep them away from airfields. Several methods have been explored. Stunning birds by feeding them a bait containing stupefying substances has been tried,[51] and it may be possible to reduce their numbers on airfields by reducing the number of earthworms and other invertebrates by soil treatment.[51] Leaving the grass long on airfields rather than mowing it is also a deterrent to birds.[52] Sonic nets are being trialled; these produce sounds that birds find distracting and seem effective at keeping birds away from affected areas.[53]

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ Elliott, N. C., Farrell, J. A., Gutierrez, A. P., van Lenteren, J. C., Walton, M. P., & Wratten, S. (1995). Integrated pest management. Springer Science & Business Media.
  2. ^ Dent, D., & Binks, R. H. (2020). Insect pest management. Cabi.
  3. ^ Flint, M. L., & Van den Bosch, R. (2012). Introduction to integrated pest management. Springer Science & Business Media.
  4. ^ Gerozisis, J., Hadlington, P. W., & Staunton, I. (2008). Urban pest management in Australia. UNSW Press.
  5. ^ Taylor, D., The Complete Contented Cat: Your Ultimate Guide to Feline Fulfilment, David & Charles, 2011, p.9. Archived from the Original[permanent dead link]
  6. ^ Beadle, Muriel (29 October 1979). Cat. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-25190-1.
  7. ^ Sherman, D.M., Tending Animals in the Global Village: A Guide to International Veterinary Medicine, John Wiley & Sons, 2007, p. 45.
  8. ^ Chrispeels, Maarten J.; Sadava, David E. (1994). Plants, Genes, and Agriculture. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. p. 452. ISBN 978-0-86720-871-9.
  9. ^ a b "The History of Integrated Pest Management". Cornell University. Retrieved 27 August 2017. which cites Orlob, G.B. (1973). "Ancient and medieval plant pathology". Pflanzenschutz-Nachrichten. 26: 65–294.
  10. ^ a b van Emden, Helmut F. (1991). Pest Control. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–4. ISBN 978-0-521-42788-3.
  11. ^ van Emden, H.F.; Service, M.W. (2004). Pest and Vector Control. Cambridge University Press. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-521-01083-2.
  12. ^ Flint, Maria Louise; Dreistadt, Steve H. (1998). Clark, Jack K. (ed.). Natural Enemies Handbook: The Illustrated Guide to Biological Pest Control. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-21801-7. Archived from the original on 15 May 2016.
  13. ^ "Augmentation: The Periodic Release of Natural Enemies". University of Wisconsin. Archived from the original on 17 March 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  14. ^ "Bacillus thuringienis Factsheet". Colorado State University. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
  15. ^ "Agriotes sputator L. - Common Click Beetle (Wireworm)". Interactive Agricultural Ecological Atlas of Russia and Neighboring Countries. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  16. ^ Wright, R. j (1984). "Evaluation of crop rotation for control of Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in commercial potato fields on Long Island". Journal of Economic Entomology. 77 (5): 1254–1259. doi:10.1093/jee/77.5.1254.
  17. ^ Shelton, A. M.; Badenes-Perez, F. R. (6 December 2005). "Concepts and applications of trap cropping in pest management". Annual Review of Entomology. 51 (1): 285–308. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.51.110104.150959. PMID 16332213.
  18. ^ a b Holden, Matthew H.; Ellner, Stephen P.; Lee, Doo-Hyung; Nyrop, Jan P.; Sanderson, John P. (1 June 2012). "Designing an effective trap cropping strategy: the effects of attraction, retention and plant spatial distribution". Journal of Applied Ecology. 49 (3): 715–722. Bibcode:2012JApEc..49..715H. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2012.02137.x.
  19. ^ Hill, Dennis S. (1983). Agricultural Insect Pests of the Tropics and Their Control. CUP Archive. pp. 4–5. ISBN 978-0-521-24638-5.
  20. ^ Georghiou, G.P. (2012). Pest Resistance to Pesticides. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 1–3. ISBN 978-1-4684-4466-7.
  21. ^ a b Carrington, Damian (29 June 2017). "Pesticides damage survival of bee colonies, landmark study shows". The Guardian. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  22. ^ "Pesticides". National Institute of Health Sciences. National Institute of Environmental Health. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  23. ^ "Toxicity of Pesticides". Pesticide Safety Education Program. 2012. Archived from the original on 21 July 2021. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  24. ^ "Maximum Residue Levels". Plants. European Commission. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  25. ^ "Host Plant Resistance". vegento.russell.wisc.edu. University of Wisconsin. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  26. ^ Smith, Charles Michael (2005). Plant resistance to arthropods: molecular and conventional approaches. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-3702-3.
  27. ^ Pedigo, Larry P.; Rice, Marlin E.; Krell, Rayda K. (15 March 2021). Entomology and Pest Management: Seventh Edition. Waveland Press. ISBN 978-1-4786-4713-3.
  28. ^ Stearns, Stacey (3 October 2017). "Genetic Engineering and Plant Protection | Science of GMOs". Genetic Engineering and Plant Protection. University of Connecticut. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  29. ^ "Disease Resistant Vegetable Varieties | Cornell Vegetables". www.vegetables.cornell.edu. Cornell University. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  30. ^ Tellman, Barbara. "Varmint control in Cochise County over the years." (2005)
  31. ^ Allendorf, Fred W.; Hard, Jeffrey J. "Human-induced evolution caused by unnatural selection through harvest of wild animals." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106. Supplement 1 (2009): 9987-9994
  32. ^ Lieutier, François; Day, Keith R.; Battisti, Andrea; Grégoire, Jean-Claude; Evans, Hugh F. (2007). Bark and Wood Boring Insects in Living Trees in Europe, a Synthesis. Springer. p. 39. ISBN 978-1-4020-2241-8.
  33. ^ Humme, Hans E.; Miller, Thomas A. (2012). Techniques in Pheromone Research. Springer. p. 432. ISBN 978-1-4612-5220-7.
  34. ^ Macdonald, D. R. (1968). "Management of Spruce Budworm Populations". The Forestry Chronicle. 44 (3): 33–36. doi:10.5558/tfc44033-3.
  35. ^ a b Pat O'Connor-Marer (2006). Residential, Industrial, and Institutional Pest Control. UCANR Publications. pp. 2–17. ISBN 978-1-879906-70-9.
  36. ^ "ESDAW-EU". Animal Policy In The EU. European Union. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  37. ^ Eger, Christopher (28 July 2013). "Marlin 25MG Garden Gun". Marlin Firearms Forum. Outdoor Hub LLC. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
  38. ^ a b Pat O'connor-marer (2006). Residential, Industrial, and Institutional Pest Control. UCANR Publications. ISBN 978-1-879906-70-9.
  39. ^ Flint, M.L.; Wilen, C.A. "Snails and slugs". Pests in Gardens and Landscapes. UC IPM. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
  40. ^ Scientific American. Munn & Company. 26 September 1885. p. 195.
  41. ^ a b Anderson, Emma (9 June 2015). "Farmer poisoned 24 animals in bid to kill wolf". The Local. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
  42. ^ Barkham, Patrick (2 October 2014). "Gamekeeper found guilty of poisoning 10 buzzards and a sparrowhawk". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
  43. ^ Newton, Ian (2010). Population Ecology of Raptors. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 262. ISBN 978-1-4081-3854-0.
  44. ^ a b Fred Baur (1 December 1984). Insect Management for Food Storage and Processing. American Association of Cereal Chemists. ISBN 978-0-913250-38-9.
  45. ^ Thacker, J.R.M. (2002). An Introduction to Arthropod Pest Control. Cambridge University Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-521-56787-9.
  46. ^ Dyck, V.A.; Hendrichs, J.; Robinson, A.S. (2006). Sterile Insect Technique: Principles and Practice in Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-4020-4051-1.
  47. ^ Bowerman, Alan M.; Brooks, Joe E. (1971). "Evaluation of U-5897 as a male chemosterilant for rat control". Journal of Wildlife Management. 35 (4): 618–624. doi:10.2307/3799765. JSTOR 3799765.
  48. ^ a b Tracy Swartz (22 December 2014). "CTA to put rats on birth control". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  49. ^ "ContraPest Rodent Control Product Wins EPA Approval". Pest Control Technology, GIA Media. 12 August 2016. Retrieved 11 November 2016.
  50. ^ "Finding Money in the Attic". Pest Control Technology, GIA Media. 25 May 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
  51. ^ a b Murton, R.K.; Wright, E.N. (2013). The Problems of Birds as Pests: Proceedings of a Symposium Held at the Royal Geographical Society, London, on 28 and 29 September 1967. Elsevier. pp. 100, 184. ISBN 978-1-4832-6836-1.
  52. ^ Reed Business Information (29 May 1986). New Scientist. Reed Business Information. pp. 44–47. ISSN 0262-4079. cite book: |author= has generic name (help)
  53. ^ Swaddle, John P.; Moseley, Dana L.; Hinders, Mark K.; Peyton Smith, E. (6 May 2016). "Sonic net could save birds and aircraft, study suggests". University of Exeter. Retrieved 28 August 2017.
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North Port is located in the United States
North Port
North Port
Location within the United States
North Port, Florida
North Port Public Library
North Port Public Library
Official seal of North Port, Florida
Official logo of North Port, Florida
Etymology: Shortened form of North Port Charlotte
Motto: 
"Achieve Anything"
Location in Sarasota County, Florida
Location in Sarasota County, Florida
North Port is located in Florida
North Port
North Port
Location within Florida

Coordinates: 27°3′58″N 82°10′19″W / 27.06611°N 82.17194°W / 27.06611; -82.17194[1]Country United StatesState FloridaCounty SarasotaIncorporated (City of North Port Charlotte)June 18, 1959 (1959-06-18)[2][3]Reincorporated
(City of North Port)
1974[2][3]Government

 

 • TypeCommission-Manager • MayorPhil Stokes • Vice MayorPete Emrich • CommissionersBarbara Langdon,
Demetrius Petrow, and
David Duval • City ManagerAlfred Jerome Fletcher, II • City ClerkHeather FaustArea

 • City

104.21 sq mi (269.91 km2) • Land99.38 sq mi (257.39 km2) • Water4.83 sq mi (12.52 km2)  4.40%Elevation

 

9.8 ft (3 m)Population

 (2020)
 • City

74,793

 • Estimate 
(2022)

85,099 • Density752.6/sq mi (290.58/km2) • Urban

 (Port Charlotte–North Port, FL)

199,998 (US: 194th)[5] • Urban density1,484.8/sq mi (573.3/km2) • Metro

859,760 (US: 70th) • CSA

1,089,011 (US: 56th)Time zoneUTC−05:00 (EST) • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (EDT)ZIP codes

34286-34291, 34293

Area codes941FIPS code12-49675GNIS feature ID0294334Websitenorthportfl.gov[6]

North Port is a city in Sarasota County, Florida, United States. The population was 74,793 at the 2020 census.[7] It is a principal city in the Sarasota metropolitan area.

It was originally developed by General Development Corporation (GDC) as the northern Sarasota County portion of its Port Charlotte development, the other portion located in the adjacent Charlotte County. GDC dubbed the city, "North Port Charlotte", and it was incorporated under that name through a special act of the Florida Legislature on June 18, 1959. By referendum in 1974, the city's residents approved a change to its name as "North Port", dropping "Charlotte" from its name to proclaim the city as a separate identity.[2][3] It is home to the Little Salt Spring, an archaeological and paleontological site owned by the University of Miami.

North Port includes Wellen Park, a master-planned community of over 7,000 acres with shopping, restaurants, distinct neighborhoods, and a vibrant downtown.[8]

History

[edit]

Archaeological digs at the Little Salt Spring show that what is now North Port was inhabited by pre-Columbian Native Americans. Evidence of their existence includes projectile points, a carved oak mortar, and a piece of a nonreturnable wooden boomerang.[9]

In 1954, the Mackle Brothers started the General Development Corporation with the intention of selling property in Florida to northerners. Not only would they plat and sell a majority of what is now North Port, the company's employees served on the city's first council.[10] The city itself was incorporated in 1959.[2][11]

On September 28, 2022, Hurricane Ian made direct landfall in Florida just south of Sarasota County. North Port, in particular, experienced excessive flooding and the Holiday Park mobile home community was almost completely destroyed.[12][13]

Geography

[edit]

The approximate coordinates for North Port are

27°3′58″N 82°10′19″W / 27.06611°N 82.17194°W / 27.06611; -82.17194. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 104.16 square miles (269.8 km2), of which 99.58 square miles (257.9 km2) is land and 4.58 square miles (11.9 km2) (4.40%) is water.

North Port is a municipality containing large-scale residential subdivisions along with an extensive network of streets. The municipality has annexed nearby locales, including the area known as Warm Mineral Springs, the location of a notable artesian spring, as well as its own significant residential subdivision.

Myakkahatchee Creek Environmental Park is in North Port.

Climate

[edit]

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild winters. According to the Köppen climate classification, the City of North Port has a humid subtropical climate zone (Cfa).

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
Census Pop. Note
1960 178  
1970 2,244   1,160.7%
1980 6,205   176.5%
1990 11,973   93.0%
2000 22,797   90.4%
2010 57,357   151.6%
2020 74,793   30.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[14][15][7]
North Port racial composition
(Hispanics excluded from racial categories)
(NH = Non-Hispanic)
Race Pop 2010[16] Pop 2020[17] % 2010 % 2020
White (NH) 46,752 58,417 81.51% 78.10%
Black or African American (NH) 3,824 3,788 6.67% 5.06%
Native American or Alaska Native (NH) 109 154 0.19% 0.21%
Asian (NH) 648 1,249 1.13% 1.67%
Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian (NH) 23 35 0.04% 0.05%
Some other race (NH) 112 371 0.20% 0.50%
Two or more races/Multiracial (NH) 885 2,924 1.54% 3.91%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 5,004 7,855 8.72% 10.50%
Total 57,357 74,793 100.00% 100.00%

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 74,793 people, 25,592 households, and 19,716 families residing in the city.[18]

Of the 25,592 households in 2020, 4.8% of the population were under 5 years old, 18.6% were under 18 years old, and 26.7% were 65 years and older. 52.5% of the population was female.[19]

In 2020, the median income for a household in the city was $64,543. The per capita income for the city was $34,514. About 7.0% of people were below the poverty line.[19]

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 57,357 people, 20,201 households, and 14,018 families residing in the city.[20]

Economy

[edit]

North Port is the Spring Training home for the Atlanta Braves, who hold extended spring training in North Port.[21]

Arts and culture

[edit]

In 1960, the American Police Hall of Fame & Museum was opened in North Port. The opening ceremony included remarks from the then Presidential candidate John F. Kennedy.[22] The museum has since relocated, first to Miami, and then to the present location in Titusville, Florida.[23][24]

In 2007, the North Port Art Guild leased a building from the city and established the North Port Art Center. The center hosts exhibits as well as classes.[25]

Government

[edit]

North Port has a city commission/city manager form of government.

The current city manager is Alfred Jerome Fletcher, II. The city commission has five members. The mayor/vice mayor roles are voted upon annually from the commission ranks.

As of 2024, the current commission includes:[26]

  • Commissioner Demetrius Petrow (District 1)
  • Commissioner Barbara Langdon (District 2)
  • Commissioner David Duval (District 3)
  • Vice Mayor Pete Emrich (District 4)
  • Mayor Phil Stokes (District 5)

The city of North Port has its own police force, fire department, and waste management.[27] City Hall of North Port is located at 4970 City Hall Boulevard.[28]

Education

[edit]
Entrance to North Port High School

North Port has five elementary schools, one public charter school (Imagine School at North Port), two middle schools, and one high school (North Port High School) operated by Sarasota County Public Schools.[29] Suncoast Technical College is also in the city.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  2. ^ a b c d City of North Port History Book
  3. ^ a b c City of North Port Charter, §1.02, City Ordinance 74-5
  4. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 31, 2021.
  5. ^ "List of 2020 Census Urban Areas". census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 8, 2023.
  6. ^ "North Port". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. October 19, 1979. Retrieved January 14, 2019.
  7. ^ a b US Census Bureau. "US Census Bureau Quick Facts - North Port city, Florida". US Census Bureau Quick Facts. Retrieved September 24, 2021.
  8. ^ "New Home Communities In Venice Florida". Wellen Park. Retrieved September 2, 2025.
  9. ^ Milanich, Jerald T. (1994). Archaeology of Precolumbian Florida. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. p. 53. ISBN 9780813012728.
  10. ^ Grove, Marshall W. (2009). North Port : the first 50 years. North Port, Fla.: City of North Port. pp. 17–19. ISBN 978-0976759461.
  11. ^ Staff Report (September 17, 2021). "Archaeology, sprint training, but no port: Five things to know about North Port". Sarasota Herald Tribune. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  12. ^ Licon, Adriana; Anderson, Curt (October 1, 2022). "After Ian, river flooding menaces Florida inland towns". Associated Press. Retrieved October 2, 2022.
  13. ^ "Draft Public Action Plan". www.scgov.net. Sarasota County. Retrieved July 28, 2023.
  14. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  15. ^ "North Port city, Florida". Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010; 2010 Demographic Profile Data. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020.
  16. ^ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - North Port city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
  17. ^ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE - 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - North Port city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
  18. ^ "S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2020: North Port city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
  19. ^ a b "QuickFacts North Port city, Florida". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  20. ^ "S1101 HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES - 2010: North Port city, Florida". United States Census Bureau.
  21. ^ Murdock, Zack (January 24, 2017). "Atlanta Braves executives 'can't wait' to land in North Port stadium". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
  22. ^ Arenberg, Gerald (1965). "National Police Museum and Hall of Fame". American Bar Association Journal. 51 (2): 161–162. JSTOR 25723117. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  23. ^ Yanez, Luisa (February 6, 1990). "POLICE HALL OF FAME AND MUSEUM MOVES TO MIAMI". South Florida Sun Sentinel. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  24. ^ "American Police Hall of Fame & Museum". Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  25. ^ "Our Story". North Port Art Center. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
  26. ^ "City Commission | North Port, FL".
  27. ^ "City Services". City of North Port. Retrieved November 27, 2018.
  28. ^ "Contact us". City of North Port. Retrieved November 27, 2018.
  29. ^ North Port, FL : Education
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