landscaping Services Englewood

landscaping Services Englewood

Sustainable Landscaping Denver

Benefits of Professional Landscaping in Englewood


Okay, so, like, think about Englewood and landscaping... it aint just about makin yer yard pretty, ya know? Professional landscaping services offer so many benefits to this town!


First off, curb appeal is HUGE. Were talkin boostin property values (ka-ching!). A well-manicured lawn and thoughtfully designed garden makes yer house look way more inviting. Potential buyers see that and theyre, like, Wow! It isnt only about looks, though.


Proper landscaping can actually help with drainage problems. If your yard tends to flood, a pro can figure out some solutions with grading, planting, and stuff. Itll help, I tell ya! Plus, trees and shrubs help clean the air. Thats not insignificant, especially in a town like this!


And dont forget about the reduced maintenance. Think about it: you wont have to spend every weekend mowing, weeding, and generally struggling. A professional can handle the heavy lifting. Thats, like, free time for you! It does not cause you to be super busy.


Oh, and native plants? They attract pollinators, which is good for the environment. Bees, butterflies, the whole shebang! A good landscaper knows which plants thrive here and how to make yer yard a little ecosystem of its own.


So, yeah, investing in professional landscaping in Englewood isnt just about aesthetics. Its about property values, environmental responsibility, and, lets be honest, reclaiming your weekends. Who doesnt want that, huh?

Comprehensive Landscaping Services Offered


Comprehensive Landscaping Services Offered for Englewood


Okay, so youre lookin for landscaping in Englewood? We aint just mowin lawns, yknow? We offer comprehensive services, stuff that really makes your property shine! (Like, seriously shine.) Its not just about keepin the grass short, its a whole shebang.


Think about it: design! We can conjure up a landscape plan thats totally you. Whether you dig modern minimalism or a lush, overflowing garden, weve got you covered. And it doesnt stop there. We handle everything from installation (plantin trees, buildin patios, the whole nine yards) to regular maintenance.


Weeding, fertilizing, pruning... you name it, we do it. We dont just slap some fertilizer down and call it a day. Were talkin about tailorin our approach to your lawns specific needs. Soil testing? Yep. Pest control? Absolutely.


And hey, we arent ignorin hardscaping either! Retaining walls, walkways, fire pits... these additions can really elevate your outdoor space. We can even install irrigation systems to keep everything watered, without you havin to lift a finger. Imagine that!


So, if youre searchin for a landscaping company that does more than just the bare minimum, give us a shout! Were confident we can transform your yard into somethin special. We wont disappoint, I swear! Wow!

Choosing the Right Landscaping Company


Choosing the right landscaping company can be a daunting task, especially in Englewood, where there are so many options to pick from. It's not just about finding someone who can mow your lawn or plant a few flowers; it's about creating a beautiful outdoor space that you'll love and enjoy for years to come! With that in mind, there are several things to consider before making your final decision.


First off, you don't want to just go with the first company you see. Take some time to do your research. Look for reviews online or ask your neighbors for recommendations. Best Landscaper Denver Colorado. A company with good references is usually a good sign that they know what they're doing. Plus, it's always nice to hear about someone else's experience rather than just relying on flashy ads.


Another thing to think about is the services they offer. Not all landscaping companies provide the same range of services. Some might specialize in hardscaping, while others focus more on gardening or maintenance. Make sure the company you choose can meet your specific needs (and don't hesitate to ask questions!). You really don't want to find out later that they don't do what you need.


Also, consider the price. While it's tempting to go for the cheapest option, be careful! Sometimes, you get what you pay for. It's better to invest a little more in a quality service than to end up with something that doesn't meet your expectations. Get quotes from a few different companies and compare what they include in their services.


Lastly, communication is key! You'll want a company that listens to your ideas and provides feedback. If they're not responsive or seem disinterested, that's a red flag. A good landscaper will work with you to bring your vision to life, and that takes good communication.


In conclusion, finding the right landscaping company in Englewood may take a little time and effort, but it's worth it in the end. With the right research and considerations, you can create the outdoor space of your dreams! Just remember to take your time and choose wisely.

Design and Installation Process


When it comes to landscaping services in Englewood, the design and installation process is a crucial aspect that can't be overlooked. First off, you've gotta think about what your outdoor space needs. It's not just about throwing in some plants and calling it a day! A well-thought-out design takes into account the unique characteristics of the space, the local climate, and your personal taste.


Now, you might be wondering where to start. It's important to consult with a professional who understands the local environment. They can help you choose the right plants that'll thrive in your yard, instead of ones that'll just wither away (which nobody wants). Once the design is in place, the installation phase begins. This is where the magic happens!


During installation, proper planning is key. You can't just dump soil and plant flowers without a strategy. It's essential to prepare the site, ensuring that the soil is healthy and ready for new life. Neglecting this step could lead to all sorts of problems down the line, like poor drainage or plants that just won't grow.


After everything's in place, ongoing maintenance is still necessary. Some folks think once the plants are in, they're done! But that's not true. Regular upkeep is vital to keep your landscape looking its best.


In conclusion, the design and installation process of landscaping services in Englewood is a blend of creativity and practicality. It's not just about aesthetics; it's about creating a space that's functional and sustainable. So, whether youre looking to revamp your front yard or create a serene backyard oasis, remember that a thoughtful approach can make all the difference!

Maintaining Your Englewood Landscape


Maintaining your Englewood landscape can be a bit of a challenge, but it's totally worth it! You wouldn't believe how much a well-kept yard can enhance your home's curb appeal. First off, it's important to understand that you don't need to have a green thumb to keep your garden looking great. With just a little bit of effort and some simple tips, you can turn your outdoor space into a beautiful oasis.


One of the main things to consider is the type of plants you choose. It's crucial to select native plants that thrive in the local climate. They require less water and maintenance, which means you wont find yourself spending hours every week pulling weeds or watering. Plus, they attract local wildlife, which adds life to your landscape (and who doesnt love a little birdwatching?).


Next, let's talk about mulching. Its not just for looks; it actually helps retain moisture in the soil and keeps those pesky weeds at bay. You might think it's a hassle to apply, but once you do it, you'll see how much easier it makes everything else! And speaking of watering, you really don't want to overdo it. Too much water can be just as harmful as not enough. A good rule of thumb is to water early in the morning or late in the evening when the sun's not blazing down.


Now, let's not forget about trimming and pruning! It can sound intimidating, but it's really not. Regularly keeping your shrubs and trees in check can prevent infestations and keep your landscape looking tidy. You wouldn't want your yard to look like a jungle, right?


In summary, maintaining your Englewood landscape doesn't have to be a daunting task. With the right plants, a little mulching, and some simple care routines, your outdoor space can flourish. So, get out there and enjoy your beautiful landscape – you've earned it!

Cost Considerations for Landscaping Services



Okay, the user wants an essay on cost considerations for landscaping services in Englewood, but it needs to sound human. Let me start by breaking down the requirements. They mentioned adding grammatical errors, contractions, parentheses, an exclamation mark, negation, avoiding repetition, and using interjections. Also, no markdown or HTML.

First, I need to make sure the essay is about landscaping costs in Englewood. I should mention factors like size of the area, type of plants, materials, and maybe labor costs. Let me think about the structure. Maybe start with an intro about how landscaping can be pricey, then list different factors affecting cost. Add some personal touches or examples to make it sound natural.

Grammatical errors: Maybe use a few incorrect prepositions or missing commas. For example, depends on how big your yard is, and what you want done. Contractions like dont, cant, its. Interjections like Oh, Well, Hey. An exclamation mark could be in a sentence like You don't want to skimp here!

Avoid repetition: Use synonyms for cost-prices, expenses, budget, etc. Negation: Words like don't, can't, not. Parentheses for extra info, like (trust me, I've been there).

Check if Im meeting all the points. Let me draft a sample paragraph. Start with a hook: Hey there, thinking about sprucing up your yard in Englewood? Use contractions and informal language. Mention factors, add a parenthetical note. Maybe a mistake like depends on how big your yard is, and what you want done (missing the). Add an exclamation. Use negation: But don't just go for the cheapest bid.

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  1. Go green in Denver with eco-friendly designs that help the planet and your property value.
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Avoid repeating cost by using budget, expenses, prices.

Need to ensure it flows naturally, like a real person writing. Maybe add a personal experience: I've been there. Check for contractions and informal tone.

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  1. Denver Pergola Installation
  2. Beautiful, sustainable, and Denver-approved eco landscaping for all.
  3. Our Denver hardscaping adds style and strength, kind of like landscaping with a six-pack.
Avoid markdown. Let me piece it together and check for all requirements.

Hey there, thinking about sprucing up your yard in Englewood? Well, let me tell ya, landscaping costs can sneak up on you faster than weeds in spring! First off, the size of your plot matters big time-bigger yards mean pricier bills, no doubt about it. Oh, and don't forget about the fancy plants you crave; those exotic shrubs or rare flowers? They'll definitely jack up the tab. (Trust me, I've been there.)


Now, materials matter too. You want natural stone or that cheap plastic mulch? Stone's a splurge, but it lasts forever (or so they say). Labor costs vary too-some companies charge by the hour, others by the job. Be careful not to get scammed by “budget-friendly” crews who take forever! Speaking of, timing's a factor. Spring and fall are peak seasons, so expect higher rates.


Neglecting maintenance? That's a no-go. Regular mowing, pruning, or pest control'll eat into your wallet if you don't plan ahead. And hey, don't skimp on permits-those fines could break the bank. Oh, and let's face it, not all contractors are created equal. Some might quote low prices but hide extra fees later. Yikes!


In short, your budget's the key player here. Prioritize what's essential, trim the fluff, and always get multiple quotes. After all, a pretty yard's worth it, but you don't want to end up in a financial mess, right?

Enhancing Property Value with Landscaping


Okay, so youre thinking about landscaping services in Englewood, huh? Well, lets talk about enhancing property value! I mean, seriously, its not just about pretty flowers (though those are a bonus!). Its about making your place a real asset.


Think about it. A well-manicured lawn, neatly trimmed hedges, and maybe a cool patio area? That screams curb appeal! And curb appeal, my friends, directly translates to dollar signs. People driving by arent gonna think, Ugh, thats a dump, theyre gonna think, Wow, that place looks amazing!


Landscaping isnt simply, you know, throwing some mulch down (although mulch is good!). Its about creating a cohesive design. A design that complements your homes architecture and reflects your personal style. Were talking about strategic planting, hardscaping (like walkways and retaining walls), and even water features. Oh boy!


And its not just for show. Smart landscaping can actually save you money in the long run. Properly placed trees can provide shade in the summer, reducing your energy bills. Drought-tolerant plants require less watering, conserving water. Its a win-win! (isnt that great).


Dont neglect the importance of professional help. Lets face it, not everyone has a green thumb or the time to dedicate to serious landscaping. Thats where those Englewood landscaping companies come in. They can help you develop a plan, install it, and maintain it, ensuring your investment pays off. You shouldnt deny yourself that benefit.


So, yeah, enhancing property value with landscaping is a big deal.

Build the landscape foundation your Denver home truly deserves.

  1. Sustainable Landscaping Denver
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  3. Build the landscape foundation your Denver home truly deserves.
Its an investment that can really boost your homes worth and make it a more enjoyable place to live. Isnt that what we all want?

Commerce City is located in Colorado
Commerce City
Commerce City
Commerce City (Colorado)
Commerce City, Colorado
City of Commerce City
Commerce City Civic Center at 60th Avenue and Trenton Street
Commerce City Civic Center at 60th Avenue and Trenton Street
Flag of Commerce City, Colorado
Location of the City of Commerce City in Adams County, Colorado
Location of the City of Commerce City in Adams County, Colorado
Commerce City is located in the United States
Commerce City
Commerce City
Location of the City of Commerce City, Colorado.

Coordinates: 39°48′30″N 104°56′02″W / 39.8083°N 104.9339°W / 39.8083; -104.9339 (Commerce City, Colorado)[3]CountryUnited StatesStateColoradoCountyZZ[2]Incorporated as townDecember 12, 1952, as Town of Commerce Town[4]Incorporated as city1962 as City of Commerce CityGovernment

 

 • Typehome rule city[1] • MayorSteve DouglasArea

 • Total

36.399 sq mi (94.273 km2) • Land36.002 sq mi (93.246 km2) • Water0.397 sq mi (1.027 km2)Elevation

5,164 ft (1,574 m)Population

 • Total

62,418 • Density1,734/sq mi (670/km2) • Metro

 

2,963,821 (19th) • CSA

 

3,623,560 (17th) • Front Range

 

5,055,344Time zoneUTC−07:00 (MST) • Summer (DST)UTC−06:00 (MDT)ZIP code[6]

80022 & 80037 (PO Box)

Area codes303/720/983GNIS place ID184666GNIS city ID2410212FIPS code08-16495Websitewww.c3gov.com

Commerce City is a home rule city located in Adams County, Colorado, United States.[1] The city population was 62,418 at the 2020 United States census, a 35.95% increase since the 2010 United States census.[5] Commerce City is the 18th most populous municipality in Colorado. Commerce City is located north of Denver and is a part of the Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Front Range Urban Corridor.

Commerce City is known for being the home of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge with its only entrance located in the city. Dick's Sporting Goods Park, a premier soccer stadium facility in Commerce City, hosts the Colorado Rapids of Major League Soccer.

History

[edit]

In 1859 after fighting in Bleeding Kansas, John D. "Colonel Jack" Henderson built a ranch, trading post, and hotel on Henderson Island in the South Platte River in Arapahoe County, Kansas Territory north of Denver, from which he sold meat and provisions to gold seekers on their way up the South Platte River Trail to the gold fields during the Pikes Peak Gold Rush. Henderson Island was the first permanent settlement in the South Platte River Valley between Fort Saint Vrain in the Nebraska Territory and the Cherry Creek Diggings in the Kansas Territory. Henderson Island is today the site of the Adams County Regional Park and Fairgrounds.

Among the first establishments in the modern Commerce City were cemeteries. Riverside Cemetery, founded in 1876, is located in the city's southwest corner at East 52nd Avenue and Brighton Boulevard. Rose Hill Cemetery, in the heart of historic Commerce City, was established in 1892 on what at the time was an open plain by the United Hebrew Cemetery Association.

The first school in the area began in 1871 as a one-room schoolhouse, with other schools added in 1899 and later in 1907. This latter school is now part of the North Building at the former site of Adams City High School, now Adams 14 School District Administration Buildings.

Several towns were founded in this part of Adams County in the 19th century. Derby, a Burlington Railroad station in 1887, was laid out as a town in 1889, although it was largely vacated by 1891. Irondale was first settled in 1889, named after a foundry that was opened that year. It was incorporated as the town of Irondale in 1924, but unincorporated in the 1930s due to increasing vacancy. Meanwhile, Adams City was laid out in 1903, with developers hoping the county seat would be established there; however, Brighton was elected county seat in 1904 and Adams City was vacated in 1922.

Until the late 1920s, the area was devoted to agriculture, including wheat fields, dairies, and pig farms. Industry moved in, with a refinery established in 1930 and grain elevators built in the late 1930s. Rocky Mountain Arsenal was founded in 1942 due east of the growing community.

In 1946 and 1947, Adams County School District 14 was formed from surrounding schools, and Adams City was redeveloped about that time. In 1951, as Denver was considering annexing the area, a plan to incorporate all of southern Adams County was developed. In July 1952, area residents voted 251 to 24 to incorporate Commerce Town, comprising neighborhoods such as Rose Hill and southern Adams City. Commerce Town annexed part of Derby in 1962, increasing the population over fourfold, enough for the town to gain the status of a city. The city name was duly changed to Commerce City.[7] In April 2007, the citizens of Commerce City voted more than 2:1 to retain their city's name.[8]

The Mile High Kennel Club, a greyhound racing park founded in 1949, is no longer operational. Purchased by the Commerce City Urban Renewal Authority (CCURA) in 2011, the site is an officially designated urban renewal area, which allows tax increment financing to be used as a funding source for the redevelopment. The CCURA and City Council adopted an updated Master Developer Agreement for the Mile High Greyhound Park in July 2019, and the project broke ground in October 2020.[citation needed]

A new Adams City High School has been constructed on land at 72nd and Quebec streets. This was formerly part of the Rocky Mountain Arsenal. The new school campus opened in 2009.[9]

Geography

[edit]

Commerce City comprises a downtown area, and northern community stretching north of Denver International Airport.[10][11]

At the 2020 United States census, the city had a total area of 23,295 acres (94.273 km2), including 254 acres (1.027 km2) of water.[5]

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Commerce City, Colorado
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 47
(8)
48
(9)
56
(13)
63
(17)
72
(22)
82
(28)
88
(31)
85
(29)
78
(26)
66
(19)
54
(12)
45
(7)
65.3
(18.5)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 22
(−6)
23
(−5)
29
(−2)
36
(2)
44
(7)
51
(11)
57
(14)
56
(13)
48
(9)
38
(3)
28
(−2)
21
(−6)
37.75
(3.19)
Source: Accuweather[12]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
Census Pop. Note
1960 8,970  
1970 17,407   94.1%
1980 16,234   −6.7%
1990 16,466   1.4%
2000 20,991   27.5%
2010 45,913   118.7%
2020 62,418   35.9%
2024 (est.) 70,245 [13] 12.5%
U.S. Decennial Census

As of the census[14] of 2000, there were 20,991 people, 6,668 households, and 4,974 families residing in the city. The population density was 812.2 inhabitants per square mile (313.6/km2) under the age of 18, 11.5% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 18.1% from 45 to 64, and 9.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.1 males.

The demographic breakdown of the city shows a composition of 74.15% White, 3.39% African American, 1.23% Native American, 2.46% Asian, 13.15% from other races, and 5.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino individuals of any race constitute 46.8% of the total population.

The median income for a household in the city was $69,268 and the median wage in the city was $54,340. The labor force was 28,684 with 31,086 jobs residing within the city. About 15.3% of families and 19.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 15.1% of those age 65 or over.

 

Economy

[edit]
Dick's Sporting Goods Park in Commerce City, home of the Colorado Rapids Major League Soccer franchise

Commerce City is home to an oil refinery with a capacity of 98,000 barrels per day (15,600 m3/d).[15] Originally, this facility existed as two separately owned refineries, one on each side of Brighton Boulevard.

Suncor Energy bought the west refinery from ConocoPhillips in 2003.[16] A project to upgrade this facility began in August of that year.[17]

Suncor purchased the east refinery from Valero in June 2005 with the eventual goal of combining the two operations.[18] As a result of a lawsuit by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and a number of states (including Colorado) alleging violations of the Clean Air Act, Valero agreed in June 2005 to make pollution-reducing changes to its refineries, including the Commerce City facility. Suncor's purchase agreement included an assumption of all liability from this suit.[19]

The west refinery's upgrade project, named "Project Odyssey," was extended to the east refinery. The west plant was shut down in February 2006 to complete the upgrade, while the east plant continued to refine 34,000 barrels (5,400 m3) of oil per day. The completion of the $445 million project was announced in June 2006 and allows Suncor to meet the EPA's mandate to reduce the sulfur content of diesel fuel. It also gives the refinery the ability to process Suncor's Canadian sour crude oil sands. The combined facility is the largest refinery in the Rocky Mountain region.[20]

Parks and recreation

[edit]

The city features 840 acres (340 ha) of parks and open spaces with 25 miles (40 km) of connecting trail system. There are two recreation centers run by the city, and a pool.[21][22]

The Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge is the largest land-based, urban wildlife refuge in the United States, featuring 27 square miles (70 km2) of open lakes, wetlands, and grasslands.[21]

Education

[edit]

Adams County school districts 27J and Adams 14 each include portions of Commerce City.[23][24]

The latter district's comprehensive high school is Adams City High School.

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]
 

 

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "Active Colorado Municipalities". Colorado Department of Local Affairs. Retrieved July 26, 2025.
  2. ^ "Colorado Counties". Colorado Department of Local Affairs. Retrieved July 26, 2025.
  3. ^ a b "Commerce City, Colorado". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved July 26, 2025.
  4. ^ "Colorado Municipal Incorporations". State of Colorado, Department of Personnel & Administration, Colorado State Archives. December 1, 2004. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2007.
  5. ^ a b c d "Decennial Census P.L. 94-171 Redistricting Data". United States Census Bureau, United States Department of Commerce. August 12, 2021. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  6. ^ "ZIP Code Lookup". United States Postal Service. Retrieved July 26, 2025.
  7. ^ Wagner, Alvin (1977). "Commerce Town Stops Denver Annexation". Adams County: Crossroads of the West. Vol. II. Brighton, Colorado: Board of Adams County Commissioners. ISBN 0-930952-01-4.
  8. ^ "Commerce City voters keep name the same". The Denver Post. April 3, 2007. Retrieved July 26, 2020.
  9. ^ Whaley, Monte. "Old Adams City High School to be renovated". Denver Post. Retrieved February 19, 2020.
  10. ^ Patterson, Kelly D.; Armon, Bruce D. (October 21, 2022). "Partisan Goals and Redistricting". Commonwealth. 7 (1). doi:10.15367/com.v7i1.551. ISSN 2469-7672.
  11. ^ Wise, Stephen (June 1999). "Extracting raster GIS data from scanned thematic maps". Transactions in GIS. 3 (3): 221–237. Bibcode:1999TrGIS...3..221W. doi:10.1111/1467-9671.00019. ISSN 1361-1682.
  12. ^ "Commerce City Weather". Retrieved May 27, 2015.
  13. ^ "US Census Bureau City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2024". census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 15, 2025.
  14. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  15. ^ "Suncor Refining and Marketing". suncor.com. Retrieved July 14, 2019.
  16. ^ Raabe, Steve (November 30, 2003). "Canada's sands of gold". The Denver Post. Archived from the original on May 12, 2004. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
  17. ^ "Suncor Energy's Commerce City refinery maintenance shutdown to begin February 3" (News release). Suncor Energy. February 2, 2006. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
  18. ^ "Suncor Energy acquires second refinery near Denver, Colorado". June 1, 2005. Archived from the original (News release) on October 16, 2006. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
  19. ^ "Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Announces Agreement with Valero Refining Company; Air Pollution Emissions to be Reduced Dramatically at Commerce City Refinery". State of Colorado, Department of Public Health and Environment. June 16, 2005. Archived from the original on September 23, 2006. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
  20. ^ "Environmental and operational enhancements complete - Suncor Energy completes upgrade to its Commerce City refinery". Decisionplus.com. June 26, 2006. Retrieved November 10, 2006.
  21. ^ a b "Explore | City of Commerce City". City of Commerce City Website. January 25, 2025. Retrieved January 25, 2025.
  22. ^ "Paradice Island Pool at Pioneer Park". City of Commerce City Parks, Recreation & Golf Website. January 25, 2025. Retrieved January 25, 2025.
  23. ^ "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Adams County, CO" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. p. 1 (PDF p. 2/3). Retrieved 2024-11-05. - Text list
  24. ^ Kirk, Alexander; Jordan Chavez (August 13, 2018). "No more Mondays for students in this Denver metro school district". 9 News. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
  25. ^ O'Brien, David (August 2, 1993). "Playing By The Book Dolphins Rookie Ronnie Bradford Is A Student Of The Game". Sun-Sentinel. Archived from the original on June 10, 2016. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
  26. ^ "Dominick Moreno's Biography". Vote Smart. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
  27. ^ "Joe Rogers, Colorado's second black lieutenant governor, has died". The Denver Post. October 8, 2013. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
  28. ^ "JoAnn Windholz, Rep. R-Commerce City, discusses powdered alcohol bill". The Denver Post. January 23, 2015. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
[edit]

 

Landscaping an elementary school courtyard in the city of Kuching

Landscaping refers to any activity that modifies the visible features of an area of land, including the following:

  1. Living elements, such as flora or fauna; or what is commonly called gardening, the art and craft of growing plants with a goal of creating a beauty within the landscape.
  2. Natural abiotic elements, such as landforms, terrain shape and elevation, or bodies of water.
  3. Abstract elements, such as the weather and lighting conditions.

Landscaping requires a certain understanding of horticulture and artistic design, but is not limited to plants and horticulture. Sculpting land to enhance usability (patio, walkways, ponds, water features) are also examples of landscaping being used. When intended as purely an aesthetic change, the term Ornamental Landscaping is used.[1]

Often, designers refer to landscaping as an extension of rooms in your house (each one has a function). Outdoor spaces have a vast amount of flexibility as far as materials and function. It is often said the only limitation to outdoor space is one's imagination.

Understanding the land

[edit]

Construction requires both study and observation, and the process varies in different parts of the world. Landscaping varies according to different regions.[2] Therefore, normally local natural experts are recommended if it is done for the first time. Understanding of the site is one of the chief essentials for successful landscaping.[3] Different natural features and phenomena, like the position of the sun, terrain, topography, soil qualities, prevailing winds, depth of the frost line, and the system of native flora and fauna must be taken into account.[4] Sometimes the land is not fit for landscaping. In order to landscape it, the land must be reshaped to direct water for appropriate drainage. This reshaping of land is called grading.[4] Sometimes in large landscaping projects like, parks, sports fields and reserves soil may need to be improved by adding nutrients for growth of plants or turf, this process is called soil amelioration.[5]

Removal of earth from the land is called cutting while when earth is added to the slope, it is called filling. Sometimes the grading process may involve removal of excessive waste (landfills), soil and rocks, so designers should take into account while in the planning stage.[6][7]

Additional information

[edit]

At the start, the landscaping contractor issues a statement which is a rough design and layout of what could be done with the land in order to achieve the desired outcome.[4] Different pencils are required to make graphics of the picture. Landscaping has become more technological than natural, as few projects begin without bulldozers, lawnmowers, or chainsaws.[2] Different areas have different qualities of plants. When growing new grass, it should ideally be done in the spring and the fall seasons to maximize growth and to minimize the spread of weeds. It is generally agreed that organic or chemical fertilizers are required for good plant growth. Some landscapers prefer to use mix gravel with rocks of varying sizes to add interest in large areas.[8]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "What is ornamental landscaping?". NatraTex. Retrieved 2022-03-30.
  2. ^ a b Diekelmann, John; Schuster, Robert M. (2002). Natural Landscaping: Designing with Native Plant Communities. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-17324-1.
  3. ^ James, Сarolyn (July 14, 2020). "Landscaping Challenges". Archived from the original on 2021-05-13.
  4. ^ a b c Ingels, Jack (2009). Landscaping Principles and Practices. Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1-4283-7641-0.
  5. ^ "Soil Preparation Steps For Successful Landscape Projects". chandlerlandscapeing.com. 2024-12-22. Retrieved 2024-12-22.
  6. ^ Slack, William (1998). Landscaping. Oxmoor House. ISBN 978-0-8487-2251-7.
  7. ^ Buchanan, Rita (2000). Taylor's Master Guide to Landscaping. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 0-618-05590-8.
  8. ^ Sharon Cohoon and Jim McCausland. "How to Landscape Gravel". Sunset.com. Archived from the original on 2020-01-31. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
[edit]
  •  Media related to Landscaping at Wikimedia Commons

 

Aurora is located in Colorado
Aurora
Aurora
Aurora (Colorado)
Aurora
The Southlands shopping mall in Aurora
The Southlands shopping mall in Aurora
Flag of Aurora
Official seal of Aurora
Nicknames: 
The Gateway to the Rockies
The Sunrise of Colorado
Location of Aurora in Arapahoe (central), Adams (north), and Douglas (south) counties, Colorado
Location of Aurora in Arapahoe (central), Adams (north), and Douglas (south) counties, Colorado
Aurora is located in the United States
Aurora
Aurora
Location of the City of Aurora, Colorado.

Coordinates: 39°43′46″N 104°49′55″W / 39.7294°N 104.8319°W / 39.7294; -104.8319 (City of Aurora, Colorado)[3]CountryUnited StatesStateColoradoCountiesArapahoe, Adams, and Douglas[2]Platted1891 as Fletcher, ColoradoIncorporated (town)May 5, 1903, as the Town of Fletcher[4]Incorporated (city)March 9, 1928 as the City of Aurora[5]Government

 

 • Typehome rule city[1] • MayorMike Coffman (R) • City managerJason BatchelorArea

 • Total

163.588 sq mi (423.691 km2) • Land163.009 sq mi (422.191 km2) • Water0.579 sq mi (1.500 km2) • Rank2nd in Colorado
54th in the United StatesElevation

5,558 ft (1,694 m)Population

 • Total

404,219

 • Estimate 
(2024)[8]

403,130 • Rank3rd in Colorado
51st in the United States • Density2,412/sq mi (931/km2)DemonymsAuroranTime zoneUTC−07:00 (MST) • Summer (DST)UTC−06:00 (MDT)ZIP Codes

80010-80019, 80040-80047 (all but 80045 PO Boxes), 80247[9]

Area codes303/720/983GNIS place ID204737GNIS city ID2409757FIPS code0804000-2WebsiteCity of Aurora

Aurora (/əˈroÊŠrÉ™/, /əˈrɔːrÉ™/) is a home rule city located in Arapahoe, Adams, and Douglas counties, Colorado, United States.[1] The city's population was 386,261 at the 2020 United States census with 336,035 living in Arapahoe County, 47,720 in Adams County, and 2,506 in Douglas County.[7] Aurora is the third-most-populous city in the State of Colorado and the 51st-most-populous city in the United States. Aurora is a principal city of the Denver–Aurora–Centennial, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Denver-Aurora, CO Combined Statistical Area, and a major city of the Front Range Urban Corridor.

History

[edit]

Before European settlement, the land that now makes up Aurora was the territory of the Arapaho, Cheyenne, Núu-agha-tʉvʉ-pʉ̱ (Ute), and Očeti ŠakówiÅ‹ (Sioux) tribes.[10] These lands were claimed by France in 1682 and subsequently became part of the 1803 Louisiana Purchase.[11]

Aurora originated in the 1890 as the town of Fletcher, taking its name from Denver businessman Donald Fletcher who saw it as a real estate opportunity. He and his partners staked out four square miles (10 km2) east of Denver, but the town—and Colorado—struggled mightily after the Silver Crash of 1893. The Town of Fletcher was incorporated on May 5, 1903.[4] Fletcher skipped town, leaving the community with a huge water debt. Voters decided to rename Fletcher the Town of Aurora in 1907 after one of the subdivisions composing the town. The Aurora post office opened on January 15, 1908.[12]

By February 1928, the town of Aurora had reached a population of over 2,000 and it was reincorporated as a city on March 9.[13][14][5] Aurora slowly began to grow in Denver's shadow becoming the fastest-growing city in the United States during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Aurora, composed of hundreds of subdivisions, thus carries the name of one of the original development plats from which it sprang.

Aurora's growing population in recent decades has led to efforts for co-equal recognition with its larger neighbor.[citation needed] Former mayor Dennis Champine once expressed the somewhat whimsical notion that eventually the area would be called the "Aurora/Denver Metropolitan Area". Indeed, since the 2000 Census Aurora has surpassed Denver in land area, and much of Aurora is undeveloped, while Denver is more fully built-out. However, such efforts are somewhat hampered by the lack of a large, historically important central business district in the city. Aurora is largely suburban in character, as evidenced by the city's modest number of multi-story buildings.

1973 aerial view of Fitzsimons Army Hospital in Aurora, before closure

A large military presence has existed in Aurora since the early 20th century. In 1918, Army General Hospital #21 (later renamed Fitzsimons Army Hospital) opened, with the U.S. government expanding and upgrading the hospital facilities in 1941 just in time to care for the wounded servicemen of World War II. Lowry Air Force Base was opened in 1938, straddling the border of Aurora and Denver. It eventually closed in 1994, and has been redeveloped into a master-planned community featuring residential, commercial, business and educational facilities. In 1942, the Army Air Corps built Buckley Field, which has been renamed Naval Air Station, Buckley Air National Guard Base, Buckley Air Force Base, and finally Buckley Space Force Base. The base, home of the Buckley Garrison and the 140th Wing Colorado Air National Guard, is Aurora's largest employer.

President Warren G. Harding visited Fitzsimons Army Hospital in 1923, and President Franklin D. Roosevelt visited in 1936.[15] In 1943, the hospital was the birthplace of 2004 Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry. President Dwight D. Eisenhower recovered from a heart attack at Fitzsimons for seven weeks during the fall of 1955. Decommissioned in 1999, the facility is part of the Anschutz Medical Campus of the University of Colorado Denver, and the Fitzsimons Life Science District. The Anschutz Medical Campus also includes the University of Colorado Hospital, which moved to Aurora from Denver in 2007, and the Children's Hospital. The first carbon-ion radiotherapy research and treatment facility in the U.S. has been proposed at the site.[16] These facilities will employ a workforce of 32,000 at build-out.

In 1965, mayor Norma O. Walker became the first woman to head a U.S. city with a population over 60,000.

In 1978, the cult coming-of-age film Over the Edge was filmed in Aurora; the crime drama has been named the "signature film" of Denver.[17]

In 1979, it was announced that a science fiction theme park would be built in Aurora using the sets of a $50 million film based on the fantasy novel Lord of Light. However, due to legal problems the project was never completed. The script of the unmade film project, renamed Argo, was used as cover for the "Canadian Caper": the exfiltration of six U.S. diplomatic staff trapped by the Iranian hostage crisis.

In 1993, Cherry Creek State Park on the southwestern edge of Aurora was the location for the papal mass of the 8th World Youth Day with Pope John Paul II, attended by an estimated 500,000 people.[18]

Aurora is split among three counties and lies distant from the respective county seats. A consolidated city and county government such as those found elsewhere in Colorado (Denver and Broomfield) was considered in the mid-1990s but failed to win approval by city voters; the issue was reconsidered in 2006.[19]

Aurora Sports Park opened in 2003. In 2004, Aurora was honored as the Sports Illustrated magazine's 50th-anniversary "Sportstown" for Colorado because of its exemplary involvement in facilitating and enhancing sports. The city attracts more than 30 regional and national sports tournaments annually to Aurora's fields. Aurora's active populace is also reflected in the variety of professional athletes hailing from the city. Aurora's first semi-professional sports franchise, the Aurora Cavalry in the International Basketball League, began play in 2006 but folded by season's end due to budget mishaps.[citation needed]

In 2008, Aurora was designated an All-America City by the National Civic League.[20]

Aurora pioneered the use of bank filtration in the United States, becoming one of the first U.S. cities to reap the benefits of siphoning water from beneath a riverbed upon completion of the Prairie Waters Project in 2010.[21][22]

In 2017, the Republic of El Salvador opened a consulate in Aurora, serving Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, and Wyoming.[23] In 2024, the Republic of Honduras opened the city's second diplomatic post.[24]

Aurora theater shooting

[edit]

On July 20, 2012, Aurora was the site of the deadliest shooting by a lone shooter in Colorado (and the state's overall second deadliest, after the 1999 Columbine High School massacre).[25] The shooting occurred just after midnight, when James Holmes opened fire during the midnight premiere of The Dark Knight Rises in a Century movie theater, killing 12 people and injuring 70 others.[26] Holmes was arrested and was eventually sentenced to 12 life sentences in prison with an additional required 3,318 years. The shooting drew an international response from world leaders. U.S. President Barack Obama visited victims, as well as local and state officials, and addressed the nation in a televised address from Aurora on July 22. Actor Christian Bale, who plays Batman in the film, also visited some victims in hospitals. The events marked a turning point in recognition and public perception of the city; rather than referring to the site as being in "Denver" or "suburban Denver", as would have been typical before the event, virtually all media accounts of the incident unequivocally named "Aurora" as its location.[27]

Elijah McClain

[edit]

On August 30, 2019, Elijah McClain died six days after an unprovoked detention by two Aurora police officers.[28] On June 27, 2020, Aurora Police in riot gear dispersed thousands of protestors at a violin concert held in his honor.[29] On October 12, 2023, one of the officers involved in McClain's death was found guilty on charges of assault and negligent homicide, while another officer was acquitted on all charges against him, which included assault and reckless manslaughter.[30]

2024 U.S. Presidential Election

[edit]

Aurora received national media attention during the run-up to the 2024 U.S. presidential election. In September 2024, statements made by mayor Mike Coffman and city council member Danielle Jurinsky, both Republicans, claimed that the Venezuelan Tren de Aragua gang had taken control of an Aurora apartment complex and was extorting residents for their rent money. Jurinsky appeared on Fox News alleging "a huge cover-up" and that this "isn't just an Aurora issue." Presidential candidate Donald Trump repeated the claims during his September 10 debate with Kamala Harris, and subsequently scheduled a campaign rally in Aurora.[31][32][33][34] Mayor Coffman denied the city was overrun by Venezuelan gangs.[35] At the October 11 rally at Aurora's Gaylord Rockies Resort & Convention Center, Trump intensified his remarks regarding undocumented immigration and proposed an "Operation Aurora" to remove undocumented immigrants connected to gangs.[36] At a press conference held the same day at Aurora's Stanley Marketplace to denounce Trump's rally, Colorado Governor Jared Polis said, "We welcome the eyes of the nation on a true Colorado gem, the great city of Aurora."[37][38]

Following Trump's inauguration, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement conducted raids targeting suspected Tren de Aragua gang members in Aurora and Denver.[39][40] During a speech to a joint session of Congress on March 4, 2025, Trump falsely claimed immigrants “destroyed” Aurora and that the city had “buckled under the weight of migrant occupation.”[41][42][43] The apartment complex at the root of the controversy was eventually shut down by a court order describing it as a threat to public safety. Police placed blame for the danger on property mismanagement, rather than gang activity among tenants.[44]

Geography

[edit]
Buckley Space Force Base

Aurora's official elevation, posted on signs at the city limits, is 5,471 feet (1,668 m). However, the city spans a difference in elevation of nearly 1,000 feet (300 m). The lowest elevation of 5,285 feet (1,611 m) is found at the point where Sand Creek crosses the city limit in the northwest corner of the city, while the highest elevation of 6,229 feet (1,899 m) is on the extreme southern border of the city in Douglas County, near the intersection of Inspiration and Gartrell roads.[45]

According to 2023 data published by the United States census, the city has a total area of 104,696 acres (423.691 km2) including 371 acres (1.500 km2) of water.[6] The city is about 6 percent more extensive than neighboring Denver but 80 percent of the size of Colorado Springs, ranking as the 54th-largest U.S. city in land area.

 

Neighborhoods

[edit]

Aurora is composed of dozens of neighborhoods, districts and (current and former) military installations. Among them:[citation needed]

  • Adonea
  • Anschutz Medical Campus
  • Aurora Heights
  • Aurora Highlands[46]
  • Aurora Hills
  • Aurora Knolls
  • Beacon Point
  • Berkshire Village
  • Blackstone
  • Brookvale
  • Buckley Space Force Base
  • Carriage Place
  • Centretech
  • Chadsford
  • Chaddsford Village
  • Chambers Heights
  • Chelsea
  • Cinnamon Village II
  • City Center
  • Conservatory
  • Copperleaf
  • Corning
  • Crestridge
  • Cross Creek
  • The Dam East
  • Del Mar
  • The Dam West
  • Downtown A-Town (the Fletcher townsite, Aurora's "downtown")
  • Eastridge
  • East Quincy Highlands
  • Fox Hill
  • Greenfield
  • Hallcraft's Village East
  • Hampton Hills
  • Havana Heights
  • Heather Gardens
  • Heather Ridge
  • Heritage Eagle Bend Golf Club
  • Highline Villages
  • Highpoint
  • Hillside at Del Mar
  • Hoffman Heights
  • Horizon Uptown
  • Horseshoe Park
  • Hutchinson Heights
  • Inspiration
  • Jackson Farm
  • Kingsborough
  • Laredo-Highline
  • Lowry Campus (formerly Lowry Air Force Base)
  • Lynn Knoll
  • Majestic Commercenter II
  • Meadowood
  • Meadow Hills
  • Mission Viejo
  • Morris Heights
  • Murphy Creek
  • Peoria Park
  • Peterson
  • Pheasant Run
  • Piney Creek
  • Pioneer Hills
  • Ponderosa Ridge
  • Porteos
  • Prides Crossing
  • Ptarmigan Park
  • Queensborough
  • Quincy Hill
  • Rocking Horse
  • Rocky Ridge
  • Saddle Rock
  • Sagebrush Farms
  • Sand Creek Ranch
  • Settler's Village
  • Serenity Ridge
  • Seven Hills
  • Shenandoah
  • Stapleton (a portion of the redevelopment of Denver's former airport lies in Aurora, directly north of Original Aurora)
  • Siena
  • Smoky Hill
  • Smoky Ridge
  • Sterling Hills
  • Stricker's House
  • Summer Valley Ranch
  • Tallgrass
  • Tallyn's Reach[47]
  • The Timbers
  • Tollgate Run at Kingsborough
  • Tollgate Village
  • Traditions
  • Tuscany
  • Utah Park
  • Village East
  • Waters Edge
  • Wheatlands
  • Whispering Pines
  • Willow Park
  • Willow Trace
  • Woodgate
  • Woodrim

Surrounding municipalities

[edit]
  North: Denver  
West: Denver, Centennial Aurora East: Watkins, Bennett, Strasburg
  South: Greenwood Village, Centennial,
Foxfield, Parker
 
 

Climate

[edit]

Aurora experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk), with four distinct seasons and modest precipitation year-round. Summers range from mild to hot, with generally low humidity and frequent afternoon thunderstorms, and Aurora also averages about one dozen tornado warnings throughout tornado season, running from April to July. Although a touchdown does occur every couple of years, tornadoes are typically weak and short lived. Aurora residents typically hear the tornado sirens go off numerous times more than residents in Denver, to the West. All of Aurora is located east of I-25, where tornado alley begins. Hailstorms, at times one to two-plus feet deep happen on occasion, and typical hailstorms are very common throughout these months.[48] July is the warmest month of the year, with an average high of 89 °F (32 °C) and an average low of 57 °F (14 °C). Winters range from mild to occasional bitter cold, with periods of sunshine alternating with periods of snow, high winds and very low temperatures. December is the coldest month of the year, with an average high of 43 °F (6 °C) and an average low of 17 °F (−8 °C). The average first snowfall in the Aurora area occurs in late October and the average final snowfall occurs in late April, although snow has fallen as early as September 4 and as late as June 5. Generally, deciduous trees in the area are bare from mid October to late April.

Climate data for Aurora, Colorado
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 76
(24)
75
(24)
83
(28)
89
(32)
97
(36)
105
(41)
108
(42)
104
(40)
100
(38)
96
(36)
81
(27)
73
(23)
108
(42)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 45
(7)
47
(8)
55
(13)
62
(17)
71
(22)
82
(28)
89
(32)
86
(30)
78
(26)
67
(19)
53
(12)
43
(6)
65
(18)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 18
(−8)
20
(−7)
26
(−3)
33
(1)
42
(6)
51
(11)
57
(14)
55
(13)
47
(8)
35
(2)
26
(−3)
17
(−8)
36
(2)
Record low °F (°C) −32
(−36)
−24
(−31)
−14
(−26)
−7
(−22)
17
(−8)
30
(−1)
41
(5)
36
(2)
15
(−9)
−2
(−19)
−14
(−26)
−27
(−33)
−32
(−36)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 0.49
(12)
0.47
(12)
1.50
(38)
2.08
(53)
2.85
(72)
2.00
(51)
2.46
(62)
2.05
(52)
1.44
(37)
1.03
(26)
1.18
(30)
0.65
(17)
18.20
(462)
Source: Weather.com[49]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
Census Pop. Note
1900 202  
1910 679   236.1%
1920 983   44.8%
1930 2,295   133.5%
1940 3,437   49.8%
1950 11,421   232.3%
1960 48,548   325.1%
1970 74,974   54.4%
1980 158,588   111.5%
1990 222,103   40.1%
2000 276,393   24.4%
2010 325,078   17.6%
2020 386,261   18.8%
2024 (est.) 403,130 [8] 4.4%
U.S. Decennial census

2020 census

[edit]
Aurora, Colorado – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 2000[50] Pop 2010[51] Pop 2020[52] % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 163,599 153,715 160,950 59.19% 47.29% 41.67%
Black or African American alone (NH) 36,008 49,003 59,232 13.03% 15.07% 15.33%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 1,511 1,487 1,679 0.55% 0.46% 0.43%
Asian alone (NH) 11,892 15,735 24,480 4.30% 4.84% 6.34%
Pacific Islander alone (NH) 458 919 1,549 0.17% 0.28% 0.40%
Some Other Race alone (NH) 495 677 2,213 0.18% 0.21% 0.57%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) 7,666 10,279 19,256 2.77% 3.16% 4.99%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 54,764 93,263 116,902 19.81% 28.69% 30.27%
Total 276,393 325,078 386,261 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

As of the 2010 census, there were 325,078 people, 121,191 households, and 73,036 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,939.6 inhabitants per square mile (748.9/km2). There were 131,040 housing units at an average density of 766.7 units per square mile (296.0 units/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 61.1% White, 15.7% African American, 4.9% Asian (1.1% Korean, 0.8% Vietnamese, 0.5% Filipino, 0.5% Chinese, 0.5% Indian, 0.2% Japanese, 0.1% Thai, 0.1% Cambodian, 0.1% Burmese, 0.1% Nepalese, 0.1% Pakistani, 0.1% Indonesian), 1.0% Native American, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 11.6% from other races, and 5.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 28.7% of the population; 21.9% of Aurora's population is of Mexican heritage, 1.0% Salvadoran, 0.7% Puerto Rican, 0.4% Guatemalan, 0.3% Honduran, 0.3% Peruvian, 0.2% Cuban, 0.2% Colombian and 0.1% Nicaraguan.[53] Non-Hispanic Whites were 47.3% of the population in 2010,[54] compared to 85.1% in 1980.[55]

Aurora is a center of Colorado's refugee population. There are about 30,000 Ethiopians and Eritreans living in the Denver–Aurora area. There is also a sizable population of Nepalese refugees.[56][57]

There were 121,191 households, out of which 35.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.9% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.6 and the average family size was 3.2.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.3% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 37.6% from 25 to 44, 16.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $46,507, and the median income for a family was $52,551. Males had a median income of $35,963 versus $30,080 for females. The per capita income for the city was $21,095. About 6.8% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.0% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.

 

Economy

[edit]

According to the Aurora Economic Development Council,[58] the largest public employers in the city are:

# Employer Employees
1 Buckley Space Force Base 12,100
2 Anschutz Medical Campus 6,360
3 University of Colorado Hospital 4,050
4 Aurora Public Schools 4,020
5 Cherry Creek Schools 3,820
6 City of Aurora 3,740
7 Community College of Aurora 510

According to the Aurora Economic Development Council,[59] the largest private employers in the city of Aurora are:

 
# Employer Employees
1 Children's Hospital Colorado 5,670
2 Raytheon Technologies 2,430
3 Kaiser Permanente 1,940
4 The Medical Center of Aurora 1,710
5 Amazon 1,500
6 24-7 Intouch 1,350
7 SROriginals 870
8 Tyco Integrated Security 850
9 Northrop Grumman 750
10 ADT Inc. 700

Other notable employers in the city include Lockheed Martin Corporation, Staples Inc., United Natural Foods, Aurora Mental Health Center, G45 Secure Solutions, Graebel Relocation, Core-Mark, and Nelnet, Inc.

Attractions

[edit]

The city of Aurora manages more than 100 parks,[60] more than 6,000 acres (24 km2) of open space and natural areas,[60] and six award-winning municipal golf courses (Aurora Hills, Meadow Hills, Murphy Creek, Saddle Rock, Springhill and Fitzsimons).[61] Aurora also is home to several privately owned golf courses including CommonGround Golf Course, Heather Ridge Country Club, Heritage Eagle Bend Golf Club and Valley Country Club. Hogan Park at Highlands Creek in the Aurora Highlands features world-class public art installations,[62] including Liberty,[63] among the 20 tallest statues in the United States.

Star K Ranch, home to Aurora's Morrison Nature Center, provides important habitat for wildlife. It has several trails for nature exploration, including access to the Sand Creek Greenway Trail. Jewell Wetland, a 50-acre (200,000 m2) wooded wetland, features trails, boardwalk/deck access into the wetland and a butterfly garden. Aurora Reservoir and Quincy Reservoir offer plenty of opportunities for outdoor water pursuits.[60]

Sod house at the Plains Conservation Center

DeLaney Farm, site of Aurora's famous historic round barn, has 130 acres (0.53 km2) of open space, trails with access to the High Line Canal, an organic garden managed by Denver Urban Gardens, and two structures on the National Register of Historic Places. The Plains Conservation Center, with 1,100 acres (4.5 km2) of native shortgrass prairie, hosts a variety of educational programs.[60]

Twenty-seven historic sites and landmarks are managed by the city of Aurora, including the Gully Homestead of 1870, the Victorian-style Centennial House of 1890, the privately owned American War Mothers National Memorial Home, the Art Deco-style KOA Building of 1934, the DeLaney Round Barn of 1902, Lowry Building 800, the interim headquarters for the U.S. Air Force Academy from 1955 to 1958, and Stanley Marketplace, which opened at the former site of Stanley Aviation in 2016.[64]

The Aurora Fox Theatre & Arts Center, another historic landmark, is a 245-seat performing arts facility in the Aurora Cultural Arts District, along East Colfax Avenue. In that same area, The People's Building is a performing arts venue with flexible space, including 191 retractable seats and a gallery.[65]

The Aurora History Museum is a community-based cultural center featuring a permanent exhibit on Aurora history and two changing exhibit galleries touching on topics related to history and decorative arts.[66] Additionally, some of their collections can be accessed online here. Aurora is home to the Colorado Freedom Memorial[67] and a memorial garden for the victims of the 2012 theater shooting is located adjacent to City Hall.[68]

The Aurora Symphony Orchestra, a community orchestra established in 1978, offers a full season of full orchestra concerts annually as well as smaller chamber ensemble performances.[69]

The Aurora Public Library provides four main branches and a variety of events throughout the year.[70]

Town Center at Aurora is the city's centrally located indoor shopping mall. Other major retail centers in Aurora include the outdoor The Gardens on Havana (formerly Buckingham Square) and Southlands Town Center, which is the metro area's largest.[71] Stanley Marketplace is a non-traditional retail and entertainment venue occupying the former Stanley Aviation plant.

Government

[edit]

The city of Aurora operates under a council-manager form of government, where the city manager runs the city's day-to-day operations with general guidance from the city council. The Aurora City Council is composed of a mayor and ten council members. Six members are elected from districts, while the other four are elected at large. The mayor is elected by the entire city. Aurora's mayor role is largely ceremonial, but the mayor does have direct impact on policy issues as the head of city council.[72] The council is nonpartisan; however, parties of members have been listed below for reference.

Aurora City Council members[73]
District Officeholder Political party
Mayor Mike Coffman Republican
At-Large Amsalu Kassaw (Stub-Term for Dustin Zvonek as of December 16, 2024) Republican
Danielle Jurinsky Republican
Alison Coombs Democratic
Curtis Gardner Republican
Ward I Crystal Murillo Democratic
Ward II Steve Sundberg Republican
Ward III Ruben Medina Democratic
Ward IV Stephanie Hancock

Republican

Ward V Angela Lawson Nonpartisan
Ward VI Francoise Bergan Republican

This full-service city is protected by the Aurora Police Department,[74] one of only 10 law enforcement agencies in Colorado to be accredited by the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies; the Aurora Fire Department,[75] which is accredited by the Commission on Fire Accreditation International; and a Public Safety Communications dispatch call center.[76] The Aurora Municipal Courts handles a wide variety of offense violations, and the Aurora Detention Center is a 72-hour adult holding facility.[77]

Politics

[edit]

In national elections, Aurora leans to the left and the Democratic Party, though not as much as neighboring Denver but more than other suburbs in the Denver metro area. Northern and Central Aurora, due to an extremely racially and culturally diverse voter base and high density for a suburban city, are some of the most Democratic areas in Colorado and vote similarly to Denver and Boulder; southern Aurora, similar to neighboring Centennial, used to lean Republican but has swung Democratic entering the 2020s.[78][79]

Aurora anchors Colorado's 6th congressional district and is represented in Congress by Jason Crow (D-Centennial). State representation is listed in the tables below (areas implied to be in Arapahoe County unless noted: not all districts are fully in Aurora).

Colorado State Representatives

[edit]
District Name Party Area Represented
  District 30 Dafna Michaelson Jenet Democratic North Aurora (Adams County)
  District 36 Michael Carter Democratic Eastern Aurora
  District 37 Tom Sullivan Democratic Southeastern Aurora
  District 39 Mark Baisley Republican Southern Aurora (Douglas County)
  District 40 Naquetta Ricks Democratic South-central Aurora
  District 41 Iman Jodeh Democratic Central Aurora
  District 42 Mandy Lindsay Democratic North-central Aurora
  District 44 Kim Ransom Republican Southern Aurora (Douglas County)
  District 56 Rod Bockenfeld Republican Eastern Aurora (Adams and Arapahoe Counties)

Colorado State Senators

[edit]
District Name Party Area represented
  District 4 Jim Smallwood Republican Southern Aurora (Douglas County)
  District 25 Kevin Priola Democratic[a] Northern Aurora (Adams County)
  District 26 Jeff Bridges Democratic South-central Aurora
  District 27 Chris Kolker Democratic Southeastern Aurora
  District 28 Janet Buckner Democratic South-central Aurora
  District 29 Rhonda Fields Democratic North-central Aurora

List of mayors

[edit]
List of mayors of Fletcher and Aurora[81]
Name Period served Notes
H. M. Miliken May 27, 1891 – May 1, 1894  
A. L. B. Davies May 2, 1894 – April 2, 1895  
P. H. Chambers April 3, 1895 – April 15, 1898  
W. A. Clundy April 16, 1898 – April 8, 1899  
W. H. Murphy April 9, 1899 – April 12, 1901  
Jonas Washburn April 13, 1901 – April 6, 1903  
Harry S. Class April 7, 1903 – April 14, 1904  
Louis M. Strauss April 15, 1904 – April 2, 1905  
Wilmer J. Parker April 13, 1905 – April 10, 1906 Resigned
Andrew Thompson April 16, 1906 – April 14, 1907 Last mayor of Fletcher
Edwin G. Smith April 15, 1907 – April 12, 1908 First mayor of Aurora
A. H. Kramer April 13, 1908 – April 13, 1910  
V. T. O'Donald April 14, 1910 – April 17, 1911  
Gershom Jones April 18, 1911 – April 13, 1914  
H. B. Thompson April 14, 1914 – April 12, 1917  
George E. Smith April 13, 1917 – December 7, 1917 Resigned
Harry Katherman December 8, 1917 – July 1, 1918 Mayor pro tem
John McMillan July 1, 1918 – May 4, 1919  
J. N. Trompen May 5, 1919 – April 21, 1920  
Jasper Parrish April 22, 1920 – April 14, 1921  
John McMillan April 15, 1921 – April 11, 1926  
F. A. Harrison April 12, 1926 – April 10, 1927  
E S. Murphy April 11, 1927 – April 24, 1929  
B. B. Nevius April 25, 1929 – April 12, 1931  
Charles F. Holzer April 13, 1931 – April 6, 1937  
W. J. Parrish April 7, 1937 – April 6, 1941  
J. E. McWhorter April 7, 1941 – January 11, 1943 Resigned
A. O. Hill January 13, 1943 – April 8, 1945 Appointed January 13, 1943, elected April 12, 1943
B. T. Howard April 9, 1945 – January 11, 1948  
C. E. Tupps January 12, 1948 – November 8, 1953  
William B. Mansfield November 9, 1953 – November 6, 1955  
Allen C. Bradly November 7, 1955 – November 8, 1959  
Harry W. Allard November 9, 1959 – November 11, 1963  
Robert W. Fennig November 12, 1963 – November 7, 1965  
Norma O. Walker November 8, 1965 – November 12, 1967 First female mayor[82]
Paul C. Beck November 13, 1967 – December 8, 1974  
William R. Dominguez December 9, 1974 – November 9, 1975  
Fred H. Hood November 10, 1975 – November 5, 1979  
Dennis Champine November 6, 1979 – November 3, 1987  
Paul Tauer November 4, 1987 – November 4, 2003  
Edward J. Tauer November 5, 2003 – November 13, 2011  
Steve Hogan November 14, 2011 – May 13, 2018  
Bob LeGare June 25, 2018 – December 1, 2019  
Mike Coffman December 2, 2019 – present  

Education

[edit]

Primary and secondary education school districts:[83][84][85]

Charter schools:

Private schools:

Post-secondary and career education:[88]

Media

[edit]

Transportation

[edit]
Florida Station pedestrian bridge over Interstate 225

Aurora straddles I-70, I-225 and the E-470 beltway. The Regional Transportation District's light rail transit system was extended to serve the southwestern edge of Aurora on November 17, 2006. The H Line stops at Aurora's Dayton and Nine Mile Stations; a comprehensive network of feeder buses in southern Aurora serve the latter. On February 24, 2017, the line was extended as the R Line to Peoria Station in the city's northwest, where riders may transfer to the A Line providing service between Union Station in Downtown Denver and Denver Airport. Much of Aurora is more convenient to Denver International Airport than Denver itself, and the city is planning an Aerotropolis along the airport's southern flank.[89] This proximity is a factor in the expected growth of the E-470 corridor directly south of Denver International Airport, projected to eventually accommodate 250,000 additional Aurora residents.[citation needed] The easternmost portions of Aurora adjoin the Colorado Air and Space Port.

In 2017, Aurora became the first city in Colorado to host a dockless bike sharing program, but operations have been suspended since August 2022.[90]

Sports

[edit]

In 2014 the U.S.A. Powerlifting Raw Nationals and the IPF Open Powerlifting World Championships were both held in Aurora. The WC was the 35th Women's and 44th Men's Open Powerlifting Championships, and it was held on the Radisson Hotel Denver Southeast.[91]

Notable people

[edit]

Sister cities

[edit]

Aurora's sister cities are:[92]

Friendship cities

[edit]

Aurora also has two friendship cities:[92]

See also

[edit]
 

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Kevin Priola was elected as a Republican, and crossed the floor to the Democratic Party in 2022.[80]
  2. ^ After Aurora Sister Cities International was resurrected in 2013.

References

[edit]
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  11. ^ In the 1980s, a subdivision named “Louisiana Purchase” was developed along Louisiana Avenue on the east side of the city.
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Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]

 

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